What is papilloma - how is it and how to treat it

Papillomatosis of Organs genitals increases the risk of infection for both partners and complicates intimate life and, during childbirth, is often transmitted from woman to child.

papillomas in the neck

causes

The main reason for growths to form is HPV, which enters the body in various ways. It is introduced into the cells of the squamous epithelium and remains there for a long time without making itself known. The patient may not be aware of such infection until the prerequisites for its multiplication and the appearance of neoplasms arise. As immunity declines, growths often appear in the body.

Experts identify the factors that increase the risk of growth:

  • frequent stress;
  • nervous, physical overwork;
  • avitaminosis;
  • decreased immunity;
  • old age of the patient;
  • many sexual partners;
  • smoking, alcohol abuse;
  • taking oral contraceptives for a long time.

The causes of papillomas can be hidden in endocrine disorders, digestive system pathologies and overweight. The incubation period lasts about a year, and if the immune system is working well, the infection may not manifest. HPV is often transmitted through contact with infected objects in everyday life, using face towels, razor blades and regular towels. Infection can occur through sexual intercourse or from a woman to a child during childbirth.

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Dermatologists distinguish several types of papillomas:

  1. Simple. The neoplasm looks like a cauliflower or cockscomb, whose surface resembles small papillae.
  2. To plant. These build-ups cause slight discomfort.
  3. Flat. The location of these neoplasms is the epithelium of the cervix. Flat papillomas look like flat, itchy nodules.
  4. Filamentous. These tumors are often found in patients over 50 years of age, look like small nodules, and do not cause pronounced symptoms to develop.
  5. Pointed. They resemble papillary formations, which are located as separate elements and merge into whole groups. In each case, genital warts are caused by certain types of virus that are transmitted during sexual intercourse. The place of formation of genital warts is the intimate area, groin, anus, perineum.

Angiopapilloma is an internal tumor that forms from connective tissue. It attaches to vascular walls and is capable of causing cancer to develop.

Neoplasms in the visible areas of the body and in the intimate area often cause psychological discomfort and problems with sexual activity. Papilloma formation in the uterus can lead to cancer.

Types

There are several types of HPV, taking into account the possible occurrence of cancerous lesions on the skin and internal organs.

scaly

The appearance of papilloma is due to the rapid growth of the squamous epithelium of the epidermis. In young people, this type of neoplasm can form in areas of the body that are usually injured.

Squamous cell papillomas are round-shaped tumors with a broad base and thin-stemmed neoplasms. At the beginning of their development, they are immobile, colored in a light or brown tone. Constant trauma to these formations can provoke its inflammation, start cell mutation and its transformation into cancer. In the absence of effective treatment, there is a high risk of developing cancer.

Inverted

Very rarely, an inverted papilloma appears on the body. The area of your appearance is the nasal cavity and sinuses. The growth of neoplasms in the frontal and maxillary sinuses is possible.

A feature of papillomavirus manifestation is a unilateral lesion. Germination of an inverted bone growth is possible, ending up with damage to the palate, skull bones, sinuses, and orbital walls.

Inverted large papilloma causes nasal congestion, bleeding, and nasal discharge. When a tumor grows to a large size, the facial skeleton is deformed and shifted to the side of the affected visual organ.

Location

Cutaneous papillomas can form in many areas of the body. Discomfort is caused by growths on the face, and when placed on the body, they are constantly injured when they come into contact with clothing.

Experts identify several places where papillomas occur:

  1. Groin area, armpits and lower abdomen with obesity. In the weaker sex, several types of neoplasms can be located under the breasts.
  2. The neck, face, abdomen, back area. On the face, the area of the papillomas mainly becomes the area of the mouth, eyes, eyelids.
  3. The genitals. This area is often the site of genital warts.
  4. Internal organs. Neoplasms appear in the tissues of the intestine, stomach and bladder.
  5. Feet. Warts on the spine often appear on this part of the body.

The site of appearance of viral neoplasms can be the oral mucosa, bladder, mammary glands, internal genital organs.

education symptoms

When HPV is activated, neoplasms of various types appear on the skin. Their signs are similar to each other, but there are differences.

wart on human skin

warts

You can determine the formation of warts on the skin according to a few symptoms:

  • tumor size does not exceed 1 cm;
  • the wart has clear outer boundaries, an inhomogeneous surface, and density is felt on palpation;
  • buildup color can be from light gray to black;
  • the neoplasm has an irregular rounded shape.

The location of growth is mainly open areas of the body, especially those that are constantly injured by something. Warts usually appear on the hands, fingers, knees and head in the hair growth area.

papillomas

You can independently diagnose a tumor if you know what a papilloma body looks like. They are skin bumps with a very thin stem or a flat base. Most virus infections occur in public places with high humidity. It is in this environment that he feels ideal and begins to multiply quickly.

papillomas on human skin

Patients need to know what papillomas look like on the body. The first sign of a tumor is a slight burning sensation, a slight tingling sensation in the epidermis. After a while, neoplasms appear in this area. Gradually they elongate and increase, their size increases to 1-1, 5 cm.

Often, papilloma on the skin forms in elderly patients and begins to actively increase in size. The area where the growths are located are the chest, the groin area and the area under the armpits. They are flesh-colored or slightly yellowish. The presence of the virus in the female body significantly increases the risk of developing cervical cancer.

warts

genital warts

Genital warts are formed under the influence of certain types of HPV, which enter the bloodstream exclusively through sexual intercourse. Usually, the area of the anus and the external genitals, rarely the oropharynx, becomes the focus of location for growths.

Warts are papillary growths that form on various parts of the body. Individual elements often connect and form a tumor that resembles a rooster's comb in appearance.

Incubation period

The papilloma virus has a long incubation period that can last for many years. This means that it is quite difficult to determine when the infectious agent entered the body. Virus activity can increase under the influence of various factors that disrupt the functioning of the immune system.

Once in the body, the virus is introduced into the nucleus of the dermis cells and there it begins to multiply rapidly. As the body's defenses decrease, small papillae begin to appear on the skin's surface, which include several cells. They grow slowly and can reach 10 cm.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of papilloma begins with an examination of the patient by an immunologist or dermatologist. The patient's history and symptoms are examined. Laboratory and instrumental studies help to identify the cause of the appearance of neoplasms in the body.

blood test to diagnose human papillomavirus

The standard diagnostic program includes:

  • general and biochemical blood test;
  • PCR test;
  • biopsy of the material.

Based on the research results, effective and safe methods of therapy are selected.

Treatment

It is recommended to start treatment of papillomas immediately after detection. The choice of method depends on the area where the neoplasms are located, the reasons for their appearance, the form of the HPV. The quick cure of papilloma can only be determined by an expert.

Cryoagulation

With this method of therapy, neoplasms are removed with liquid nitrogen, which causes the water in the cells to freeze and die. Cryodestruction is only performed if the tumor is benign and there are no cancer cells in it.

cryoagulation as a papilloma removal method

The procedure is considered painless, but if the skin becomes too sensitive, they resort to introducing novocaine. After treating the skin with liquid nitrogen, they turn white and a small blister forms, inside which a clear or pink liquid accumulates. When removing the lumps by freezing, unpleasant burning sensations may appear, but gradually disappear. After cryodestruction, it is recommended to treat the epidermis with a potassium permanganate solution or boric alcohol several times a day.

After a few days, the bladder bursts and a scab forms, which protects the wound from infection. Over time, it disappears and healthy skin remains under it.

surgical method

The skin papilloma removal operation is considered the most radical removal method, but it is not used as often. The indication for surgery is large papillomas.

papilloma surgical removal

During the operation, the doctor removes a small area of healthy tissue, which prevents the re-growth from forming. The procedure is performed under local anesthesia and lasts no longer than 10-15 minutes. The patient does not feel pain and, after the manipulation is completed, a suture is applied. The disadvantage of this method is considered a long period of wound healing, scarring, scarring on the body.

laser removal

How the papilloma will be treated is decided by the doctor after examining the patient. The most modern method of removing tumors is considered laser treatment, before which an analysis is performed to exclude cancer cells. The area of the body where the papilloma is located is anesthetized with lidocaine. Then they act on it with laser beams and remove it completely. When treated in this way, water evaporates from the damaged cells, they dry out and form a scab.

After some time, the skin turns red, swells, but this reaction occurs after 2-3 days. The scab falls off on its own after 5-7 days and a delicate pink skin appears in its place.

Chemical attack

An effective way to fight the pathology is considered a chemical effect on the papillomas. The removal of genital warts is carried out with special preparations containing organic acids.

With the aid of an applicator, they are applied to the surface of the formation and cauterized. Under the influence of chemicals, growing cells are destroyed and it disappears.

Drug treatment

Medical treatment for papilloma includes:

  1. Pills. Virus infection occurs due to decreased immunity, therefore, the action of drugs is aimed at increasing the body's defenses. The patient is prescribed to take vitamins, immunomodulators, antiviral agents.
  2. Preparations for local treatment. A good effect is the use of creams and ointments with antiviral action. For small tumors in the penis, gels and creams that stimulate interferon production are selected. To remove tumors, the doctor prescribes solutions with cauterizing properties.

Only a doctor can determine whether to remove papillomas in various parts of the body.

Immunomodulators

How to treat multiple papillomas in the body depends on their size and area of location. An integrated approach involves treatment with immunomodulators, whose action activates the body's natural defenses.

There are several types of HPV, so these drugs should be selected by a specialist after immunological studies. With papillomas in women, it is advisable to pay special attention to natural immunomodulators that help restore immunity at the DNA level.

self-exclusion

Treating large papillomas at home can aggravate a person's condition and cause the virus to spread throughout the body. The possibility of using resources for self-removal of growths is determined by a dermatologist. This method of treatment is only possible in the absence of an oncogenic factor and suspicion of a malignant tumor.

Self-treatment of benign neoplasms includes the use of topical ointments, medications prescribed by a physician.

traditional methods of treatment

In addition to the treatment regimen chosen by the physician, the use of alternative methods of treatment is permitted. It is possible to stop the intensive growth of papillomas and cause their destruction when smeared with celandine, dandelion or sour apple juice.

lemon and garlic to remove papilloma

You can lubricate the neoplasm with protein from a fresh egg every day and wait for it to dry. After a while, the dry papilloma will fall off on its own. At the pharmacy, you can buy a special adhesive tape, which is stuck on for a long time, and then clean the neoplasm.

To eliminate the defect, it is recommended to cut a clove of garlic and rub the growth into the skin with it for several days in a row.

Treatment with home remedies and folk remedies is a long process. For greater effectiveness, it is recommended to combine it with taking medications with an antiviral effect.

Prophylaxis

Prevention of the human papillomavirus is possible by maintaining body hygiene, timely treatment of any lesions on the epidermis and its cure. To prevent infections, you should use personal care products.

Preventing papillomas involves rejecting casual sex, adhering to a healthy lifestyle and boosting immunity. The virus is capable of becoming a triggering factor in the formation of cervical papilloma and the development of cancer. Women should regularly visit a mammologist with a gynecologist, be sure to follow proper nutrition. What to do if papilloma is detected, it is recommended to ask your doctor and not to self-medicate.